ANATOMY OF MISINFORMATION Media Literacy and Information Resilience Educational Series Disinformation is not a homogeneous phenomenon: it has different forms, purposes, and dissemination mechanisms. To understand how it operates in the information environment, it is important to distinguish its main types and understand their characteristics. In general, three main approaches can be distinguished in the modern information environment: misinformation, disinformation, and a wide range of harmful information (malinformation). Although these

The 2026 parliamentary elections in Armenia became a testing ground not only for political competition, but also for large-scale information influence operations. While in previous elections the main challenges were related to internal political struggles, this time international observers, fact-checking organizations, and information security specialists recorded an unprecedented level of external information interference, the main source of which was Russian influence networks. According to international observation missions, Armenian citizens were

FIMI (Foreign Information Manipulation and Interference) stands for "Foreign Information Manipulation and Interference." Photo: Vlad Deep https://unsplash.com Over the past decades, disinformation has become one of the most serious challenges in the modern world. With the rapid development of digital technologies, social networks, and online media, information has become not only a means of communication, but also a tool of influence, pressure, and even political struggle. If previously

Blankspot has obtained a Russian document entitled "2026 Programme of Work on Countering Fashism" from a reliable source.   The document outlines both the general objectives and the specific methods for carrying out the work. The document states, among other things, states that the central aim is to present the elections as a vote of confidence in the Prime Minister, Nikol Pashinyan, personally. It also describes efforts to limit the

The name ‘Social Design Agency’ (SDA) is used in various contexts; however, in the international media and Western official sources, the abbreviation ‘SDA’ primarily refers to the Russian network ‘Social Design Agency’, which is linked to the Kremlin’s disinformation and influence operations. The ‘Social Design Agency’ network is linked to the Kremlin’s disinformation and influence operations According to the British government, Reuters, Mediamax and a number of investigative media outlets,